Of the hundreds of encryption algorithms available today, Blowfish stands out as the industry leader and has been selected by Safe Space™ as its encryption algorithm.

Blowfish is a symmetric encryption algorithm designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneider as an alternative to existing encryption algorithms such as DES. Unlike DES, however, the Blowfish algorithm has a variable key length, which can be extended from 32 bits to 448 bits, making this a more secure alternative. Blowfish is a 64-bit cipher (i.e. a cryptographic key and algorithm are applied to a block of data rather than single bits).

Blowfish is a fast, free alternative to existing algorithms and has been analyzed considerably through years of peer review.


Length = Strength
Finding the plain text of an encrypted message without knowing the key is called "cracking" an algorithm. This brute-force attack consists of trying all possible values of keys until the right combination is found.

It is easy to demonstrate that in the case of brute-force attack, security increases as the length of the key is increased. If the key is 8 bits long, there are 2(to the power of 8), or 256 possible combinations. With a key of 40 bits this is increased to 2(to the power of 40), or one thousand billion combinations. The protection then resides on the time needed for a computer to perform its attack. Based on these premises as well as numerous industry trials, it is common opinion today that:

• 40-bit key algorithms are useless as they can be "cracked" within a few hours by an average personal computer.
• 64-bit algorithms are safe today but will become threatened as technology evolves.
• 128-bit and over algorithms are almost unbreakable. In other words, it would take millions of years to try every possible combination of bits in a 128-bit key.

Based on calculations it can be said that a 128-bit encryption is not just three times stronger than a 40-bit encryption-it is 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 times stronger. Likewise, a 448-bit encryption key is 2.1 x 1096 times stronger than a 128-bit key.


Speed
The speed of the Blowfish algorithm is also impressive. The table below illustrates the effective throughput of the algorithm and shows how even large key lengths result in much faster performance than other encryption algorithms.

Speed Comparisons of Block Ciphers on a Pentium
Algorithm	Clock cycles per round	# of rounds	# of clock cycles per byte encrypted	Notes
Blowfish	9	16	18	Free, unpatented
Khufu/Khafre	5	32	20	Patented by Xerox
RC5	12	16	23	Patented by RSA Data Security
DES	18	16	45	56-bit key
IDEA	50	8	50	patented by Ascom-Systec
Triple-DES	18	48	108	very popular

Conclusion
Safe Space™ considered many factors when choosing Blowfish as its encryption technology, including peer review, speed and key strength. It is clear that Blowfish will set the standard for years to come, and will continue to be the preferred encryption algorithm for corporations worldwide.